Coptis trifolia

Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

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Family:	Ranunculaceae
Species:	Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb.
Common Name:	goldthread
Habitat:	On hummocks in cool swamps, cool coniferous and mixed deciduous-coniferous forests, and peatlands in mesic to wet soils in shaded to open habitats often with the adjacent herbaceous layer thin.
Associated Ecological Communities:	**
Growth Habit:	Forb/herb
Duration:	Perennial
Category:	Vascular
Plant Notes:	**
Taxonomic Notes:	**
Status:	Native, FAC (NWI), FACW (NWI), S5 (State Rank), G5 (Global Rank), CoC: 8
References:	**

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Supraordinal	Eudicots
Order	Ranunculales
Family	Ranunculaceae
Genus	Coptis
Species	Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb. - goldthread

Citation

Citation	Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb.
Basionym:	**
Type:	**

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

County	Year	Herbaria	Notes	Submission Info
Albany	1992	NYS Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Albany		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Allegany		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Broome		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Broome	1962	BING Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		1/18/2020 - BING (Julian Shepherd)
Broome	1957	BING Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		1/18/2020 - BING (Julian Shepherd)
Broome	1957	BING Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		1/18/2020 - BING (Julian Shepherd)
Cattaraugus		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Cayuga		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Cayuga	2011	BH Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia	Werier (2017) voucher!; D. Atha et al. 10433	3/6/2018 - David Werier
Chautauqua	1993	NYS Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Chautauqua		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Chemung		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Chenango		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Clinton		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Columbia		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Cortland		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Delaware		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Erie		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Essex		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Essex	1919	BKL – BKL00061107 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Franklin		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Fulton	2007	NYS – 46 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		12/22/2009 - Donna Vogler
Fulton	2007	FMCC – 46 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		12/22/2009 - Donna Vogler
Genesee		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Greene	1932	BKL – BKL00061109 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Greene	1931	BKL – BKL00061110 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Greene		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Greene	1898	BKL – BKL00061117 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Hamilton		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Hamilton	1983	CONN Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Herkimer	1997	NYS Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Jefferson		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Jefferson	1888	BKL – BKL00061127 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Lewis		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Lewis	1992	NYS Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Madison	1958	CONN Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Madison		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Madison	1906	BKL – BKL00061111 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Monroe		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Montgomery	2006	NYS Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia	Town of Root	8/30/2009 - Connie Tedesco
Montgomery	2006	FMCC Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia	Town of Root	8/30/2009 - Connie Tedesco
Niagara		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Oneida		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Oneida	1970	RCFS – accession # 11808 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		11/17/2009 - RCFS (Andy Nelson)
Onondaga		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Onondaga	1890	BKL – BKL00061105 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Orange	2008	BKL – BKL00089967 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Orange		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Orange	2003	BKL – BKL00024424 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Orange	1990	NYS Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Oswego	1970	RCFS – accession # 10633 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		11/17/2009 - RCFS (Andy Nelson)
Oswego	1958	CONN Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Oswego		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Otsego	1886	BKL – BKL00061116 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Otsego		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Putnam		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Rensselaer	1996	NYS Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Rensselaer	1997	NYS Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Rensselaer		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Richmond		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Rockland	1990	NYS Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Saratoga		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Schoharie	1883	BKL – BKL00061118 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Schuyler	1952	INHS – Accession #: 71227 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
St. Lawrence	1982	NYS Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
St. Lawrence		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
St. Lawrence	1915	BKL – BKL00061113 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Steuben	1890	BKL – BKL00061108 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Steuben		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Sullivan		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Sullivan	1918	BKL – BKL00061119 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Sullivan	1976	BKL – BKL00061112 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Tioga	1958	BING Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		1/18/2020 - BING (Julian Shepherd)
Tompkins		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Ulster	1995	NYS Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Ulster	2009	BKL – BKL00094398 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Ulster	2009	BKL – BKL00095185 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Ulster	2011	BKL – BKL00100971 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Ulster		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Warren	1898	BKL – BKL00061114 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Warren		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Washington	1930	BKL – BKL00061106 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Washington		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Wayne		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia
Westchester	1908	BKL – BKL00099188 Herbarium Name Used: Coptis trifolia		2/8/2012 - BKL (Steve Glenn)
Yates		NYFA_1990 Herbarium Name Used: none Coptis trifolia

Synonyms

Synonym	Full Citation	Basionym	Type	Notes
Coptis groenlandica	Coptis groenlandica (Oeder) Fernald
Coptis trifolia var. groenlandica	Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb. var. groenlandica (Oeder) Fassett

Listed Status: New York

Listed Status:	(New York): Rare plants are protected under New York State Environmental Conservation Law section 9-1503. Part (f) which reads as follows: "It is a violation for any person, anywhere in the state to pick, pluck, sever, remove, damage by the application of herbicides or defoliants, or carry away, without the consent of the owner, any protected plant. Each protected plant so picked, plucked, severed, removed, damaged or carried away shall constitute a separate violation." At this time, the Atlas only identifies those species listed as threatened or endangered.
Endangered: 5 or fewer extant sites, or fewer than 1,000 individuals, or restricted to fewer than 4 U.S.G.S. 7 1/2 minute topographical maps, or species listed as endangered by the U. S. Department of Interior, as enumerated in the Code of Federal Regulations 50 CFR 17.11.
Threatened: 6 to fewer than 20 extant sites, or 1,000 to fewer than 3,000 individuals, or restricted to not less than 4 or more than 7 U.S.G.S. 7 1/2 minute topographical maps, or listed as threatened by the U. S. Department of the Interior, as enumerated in the Code of Federal Regulations 50 CFR 17.11.
Rare: 20 to 35 extant sites, or 3,000 to 5,000 individuals statewide.
Exploitably vulnerable:	species which are likely to become threatened in the near future throughout all or a significant portion of their range within the state if causal factors continue unchecked.

Listed Status: US

Listed Status: US	(U.S.) Source - List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Endangered:	Any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
Threatened:	Any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

WAP: Wetland AssessmentProcedure

Wetland Assessment Procedure (WAP): Source - Southwest Florida Water Management District, Wetland Assessment Procedure Instruction Manual for Isolated Wetlands (March 2005).

AD:	Adaptive Species. Plant species designated as FAC or Upland by DEP, but commonly seen in the transition zone in limited numbers.
D:	Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the deep zone, and designated either FAC or OBL by DEP.
OD:	Outer Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the outer deep zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
T:	Transition Species. Plant species commonly found in the transition zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
U:	Upland Species. Plant species that are not expected to be seen in wetlands.

ANY - WAP critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with WAP designations
No - Show results without WAP designations

EPPC: Exotic Pest Plant Council

EPPC:

Source - Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council's 2007 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species

Category I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.

Category II - Species that have shown a potential to disrupt native plant communities. These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities.

DEP: Department of Environmental Protection

Wetland Status, Department of Environmental Regulation (DEP): Source - Delineation of the Landward Extent of Wetlands and Surface Waters, Chapter 62-340, Florida Administrative Code. 1994.

OBL:	Obligate wetland. Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non-wetlands
FAC:	Facultative. equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands.

NWPL: National Wetland Plant List

National Wetland Plant List (NWPL): Source - Lichvar, R.W., M. Butterwick, N.C. Melvin, and W.N. Kirchner. 2014. The National Wetland Plant List: 2014 Update of Wetland Ratings. Phytoneuron 2014-41: 1-42.

OBL:	Obligate Wetland. Occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
FAC:	Facultative. Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
FACU:	Facultative Upland. Usually occurs in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1%-33%).
UPL:	Obligate Upland. Occurs in wetlands in another region, but occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the regions specified.

Persisting

Identifying species that appear as waifs or only periodically appear in the flora for a few seasons.

Any - Persisting critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with a Persisting value of Y
No - Show results without Persisting value of N

Duration

Annual:	Plants that perform their entire lifecycle within a single growing season. All roots, stems, and leaves die at the end of the growing season. Over wintering seeds allow the next generation to appear.
Biennial:	A plant that is typically vegetative its first year and blooms the following season. Once it has bloomed and set seed, the plant dies. Garlic mustard is an example of a biennial.
Perennial:	These plants live for three or more seasons. Many perennials may not be mature enough to bloom during its first year. Perennial wildflowers re-grow each season from overwinter root material.

Category

Vascular:	Any of various plants that have the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. The vascular plants include all seed-bearing plants (the gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the pteridophytes (including the ferns, lycophytes, and horsetails). Also called tracheophyte.
Bryophyte:	A large group of seedless green plants including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Bryophytes lack the specialized tissues xylem and phloem that circulate water and dissolved nutrients in the vascular plants. Bryophytes generally live on land but are mostly found in moist environments, for they have free-swimming sperm that require water for transport. In contrast to the vascular plants, the gametophyte (haploid) generation of bryophytes constitutes the larger plant form, while the small sporophyte (diploid) generation grows on or within the gametophyte and depends upon it for nutrition.
Lichen:	The mutualistic symbiotic association of a fungus with an alga or a cyanobacterium, or both. The fungal component of a lichen absorbs water and nutrients from the surroundings and provides a suitable environment for the alga or cyanobacterium. These live protected among the dense fungal hyphae and produce carbohydrates for the fungus by photosynthesis. Owing to this partnership, lichens can thrive in harsh environments such as mountaintops and polar regions. The more familiar lichens grow slowly as crusty patches, but lichens are found in a variety of forms, such as the tall, plantlike reindeer moss. The association between the different organisms in a lichen is so close that lichens are routinely referred to as a single organism, and scientists classify lichens using the name of the fungal component.

(Definitions from: American Heritage Science Dictionary)

Growth Habit

Intro paragraph to be provided by New York.

Vine:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Shrub:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Tree:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Et cetera:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.

State Rank

This numeric rank provides the relative rarity for each species based on a scale from 1 (very rare) to 5 (common). These ranks carry no legal status.

S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable in New York State.
S2 - Typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in New York State.
S3 - Typically 21 to 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in New York State.
S4 - Apparently secure in New York State.
S5 - Demonstrably secure in New York State.
SE - State exotic or non-native
SH - Historically known from New York State, but not seen in the past 15 years.
SNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. This is mainly those species which are now excluded from flora for various reasons.
SNR - Not yet ranked
SX - Apparently extirpated from New York State.

Global Rank

Each species' global rank is determined by NatureServe. These ranks carry no legal weight. The global rank reflects the species worldwide rarity.

G1 - Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer occurrences), or very few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or especially vulnerable to extinction because of some factor of its biology.
G2 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G3 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G4 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
GH - Historically known, with the expectation that it might be rediscovered.
GNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. NatureServe does not typically rank hybrid species.
GNR - Not yet ranked.
GX - Species believed to be extinct.

Filter by County - Counties to Include - ANY versus ALL

Any - An Any search will combine the list of counties to include with a Boolean Or. Plant species returned will be found within at least one of the selected counties.
All - An All search will combine the list of counties to include with a Boolean And. Plant species returned will be found within each of the selected counties.

Filter by County - Counties to Exclude - ANY versus ALL

Any - An Any search will combine the list of counties to exclude with a Boolean Or. Plant species returned will not be found within at least one of the selected counties.
All - An All search will combine the list of counties to exclude with a Boolean And. Plant species returned will not be found within any of the selected counties.

Associated Ecological Communities

View a List of All Ecological Communities

For more information, contact: Troy Weldy or David Werier

Web Development: USF Water Institute

A member of the University of South Florida family of PlantAtlas.org sites

Citation Information:

Weldy, Troy, David Werier, and Andrew Nelson. 2020 New York Flora Atlas. [S. M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (original application development), USF Water Institute. University of South Florida]. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.

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Definition: Vouchered Specimen

A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation.

Proper vouchers display all the necessary attributes for complete identification of the plant, and are to be accompanied by accurate locality, habitat, collection time, and collector data.

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Coptis trifolia

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Classification

Citation

Source

Synonyms